Место и время проведения экспериментов не указываются

Финляндия — 3 дивизиона (18 СОУ и ПЗУ, 288 ЗУР 9М38) ЗРК «Бук-М1»[23], поставленных в 1997 году в счет погашения госдолга СССР[32]. В 2008 году Финляндия приняла решение отказаться от эксплуатации зенитных ракетных комплексов «Бук-М1», которые несли боевое дежурство по охране Хельсинки. Решение принято в связи с тем, что системы управления ЗРК подвержены дешифрованию.[33] В качестве замены планировалась закупка, начиная с 2009 года, норвежско-американских ЗРК NASAMS с ракетой AIM-120 AMRAAM на сумму около 458 млн долл.[34] По состоянию на 2016 год стоят на вооружении и используются под обозначением ITO 96.[35]

27 сентября 2016, 20:50

Британские журналисты анонсировали выводы следователей о катастрофе MH17

В отчете о крушении пассажирского самолета Malaysian Airlines в восточной Украине, который международные следователи представят завтра, вина за катастрофу возложена на донбасских ополченцев. Об этом пишет газета The Guardian со ссылкой на дипломатические источники.

Следственная группа, в которую входят специалисты Нидерландов, Австралии, Малайзии, Бельгии и Украины, скорее всего, назовет местом запуска ракеты «Бук», сбившей Boeing, подконтрольную ополчению территорию.

Согласно неназванным дипломатам, в докладе будет указано точное нахождение по картам Google, которое показывает, что ЗРК располагался рядом с населенным пунктом Снежное.

В понедельник Минобороны России заявило, что российские средства технического наблюдения не зафиксировали пусков ракет из района, контролируемого ополченцами.

Самолет авиакомпании Malaysian Airlines рейса MH17 упал в зоне конфликта в Донбассе 17 июля 2014 года. Все 298 пассажиров и члены экипажа погибли.

Flight MH17 investigators to pinpoint missile launch in rebel-held Ukraine

Report expected to say Buk missile was fired from separatist-held area in Ukraine and its launcher smuggled back to Russia

источник: i.guim.co.uk
A piece of the wreckage at the crash site of Malaysia Airlines flight MH17 near the village of Petropavlivka in Donetsk region. Photograph: Maxim Zmeyev/Reuters

An international criminal investigation into the shooting down of flight MH17 is likely to conclude that the plane was downed by a Buk missile fired from separatist-controlled territory in eastern Ukraine, diplomats say.

The Dutch-led Joint Investigation Team (JIT) has been gathering evidence for a possible criminal trial and is due to present its interim findings on Wednesday. Dutch police and prosecutors have been working with judicial colleagues from Australia, Belgium, Malaysia and Ukraine.

The report follows an earlier inquiry by the Dutch Safety Board. It concluded a missile fired by a sophisticated Buk surface-to-air system struck the Malaysia Airlines aircraft as it flew from Amsterdam to Kuala Lumpur. It exploded next to the cockpit. All 298 people on board were killed.

Flightpath of MH17
17 July 2014

Malaysia Airlines flight MH17 took off from Amsterdam Schiphol Airport at 1030 GMT
en route to Kuala Lumpur. The plane was shot down near Grabovo at 1321 GMT

The JIT’s findings are based on US satellite data, and multiple sightings of the Buk as it trundled through rebel-held areas. In a Russian-language video investigators urged witnesses who may have seen it to come forward.

“There is a wide presumption in diplomatic circles that this report will point to the involvement of pro-Russian rebels or Russia,” said Robert van de Roer, a Dutch diplomatic expert and commentator. “It will cause high waves.”

According to Van de Roer, investigators have not yet been able to identify “the guy who pushed the button” on the Buk missile. They do know the names of about 20 Russian servicemen from the 53rd brigade in Kursk who could form a “broad circle of suspects,” he said.

The names came from the British-led online investigation team Bellingcat. “I’m told by experts you need at least three or four men to handle a Buk,” Van de Roer added.

Van de Roer said he was pessimistic that Russia’s president, Vladimir Putin, would cooperate with the tribunal or hand over possible suspects to the Hague for trial. He also described the Dutch government’s approach as “bureaucratic and legalistic”.

“My fear is that this will end up as a kind of Lockerbie,” he said, adding that in the case of the 1988 Pan Am bombing it was never known if Abdelbaset al-Megrahi – convicted in 2001 – was the only perpetrator.

“The simple question is what will [British foreign secretary] Boris Johnson do? He has talked harsh words in the last few days over Russia in Syria. Will he be just as tough with the Russians over MH17?”

Russia has vehemently denied responsibility. On Monday its ministry of defence released satellite data which it said proved the missile had not been fired from rebel territory. It suggested Ukraine was responsible.

In 2014, however, the same ministry claimed a mysterious Ukrainian fighter jet had shot down the Boeing 777. The “jet” disappeared from Russia’s latest presentation. MH17’s route had also changed.

Last December Bellingcat passed to Dutch prosecutors a detailed dossier of up to 100 Russian soldiers and officers who may have been involved. Bellingcat drew on open source data. The dossier included photos posted by soldiers on social networks as their military convoy drove towards the Ukrainian border.

The JIT is not expected to reveal the identities of the soldiers in its latest report. They are expected to be included in a future criminal file.

The tribunal has made public intercepted phone calls between separatist leaders. In one, a rebel asks what should be done with the Buk, newly arrived from Russia. In another a rebel says one of the Buk’s crew was left behind near the village of Snizhne and needs to be picked up.

A third conversation was recorded at 8am on 18 July, as the Buk went back to Russia. It began: “Good morning. Yesterday was a mess … I have nothing to say.”